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The Mesopotamian
Quaternary researches..
Geotechnical properties of Holocene Sediments
The southern part of Mesopotamian plain is covered by
Holocene sediments of fluvial origin. In general, eight
lithological layers could be distinguished in that area (Table
below), distributed from the north (Al-Qurna) to south (Al-Fao)
(Figure below). Their geotechnical properties of these layers
vary according to many factors such as the texture, ground
water, dryness, carbonate content, gypsum content and clay
minerals types.
Some sedimentological and geotechnical
analyses.
|
No. |
Stratum |
Analysis |
Range |
Mean |
Standard deviation |
Number of samples |
|
1 |
Very stiff brown silty clay |
M. C. |
14-36 |
23.54 |
5.88 |
11 |
|
L.L. |
40-51 |
44.91 |
3.73 |
11 |
|
P.I. |
13-29 |
20.45 |
4.29 |
11 |
|
Clay% |
30-63 |
50.27 |
9.02 |
15 |
|
Silt% |
35-55 |
45.73 |
6.61 |
15 |
|
Sand% |
1-18 |
3.67 |
4.30 |
15 |
|
2 |
Stiff brown to gray silty clay and clayey silt |
M.C. |
21-37 |
28.33 |
4.60 |
12 |
|
L.L. |
37-49 |
43.67 |
3.77 |
12 |
|
P.I. |
18-26 |
20.17 |
2.33 |
12 |
|
Clay% |
32-72 |
48.40 |
12.52 |
15 |
|
Silt% |
28-68 |
46.93 |
11.20 |
15 |
|
Sand% |
0-19 |
4.60 |
6.03 |
15 |
|
3 |
Medium stiff gray silty clay laminated with silt |
M.C. |
22-51 |
31.65 |
6.33 |
17 |
|
L.L. |
25-48 |
39.29 |
6.34 |
24 |
|
P.I. |
8-26 |
18.56 |
4.77 |
24 |
|
Clay% |
21-59 |
38.92 |
12.11 |
25 |
|
Silt% |
42-72 |
58.04 |
9.78 |
25 |
|
Sand% |
0-17 |
3.84 |
4.36 |
25 |
|
4 |
Soft gray silty clay laminated with silt |
M.C. |
28-47 |
38.62 |
5.95 |
13 |
|
L.L. |
26-48 |
37.79 |
4.83 |
38 |
|
P.I. |
8-26 |
16.39 |
4.05 |
38 |
|
Clay% |
27-57 |
42.49 |
6.89 |
39 |
|
Silt% |
41-72 |
53.15 |
9.93 |
39 |
|
Sand% |
0-26 |
2.41 |
4.83 |
39 |
|
5 |
Medium stiff gray clayey silt |
M.C. |
33 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
L.L. |
32-50 |
39.64 |
5.97 |
11 |
|
P.I. |
10-26 |
17.36 |
5.62 |
11 |
|
Clay% |
26-59 |
38.44 |
11.26 |
18 |
|
Silt% |
37-61 |
50.72 |
7.09 |
18 |
|
Sand% |
0-25 |
9.67 |
8.45 |
18 |
|
6 |
Stiff gray clayey silt |
M.C. |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
L.L. |
22-61 |
36.50 |
10.58 |
12 |
|
P.I. |
7-33 |
17.17 |
7.40 |
12 |
|
Clay% |
21-67 |
36.75 |
13.41 |
16 |
|
Silt% |
28-71 |
49.75 |
11.42 |
16 |
|
Sand% |
1-35 |
13.44 |
10.80 |
16 |
|
7 |
Very stiff clay-silt-sand mixture |
M.C. |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
L.L. |
28-54 |
39.80 |
9.34 |
10 |
|
P.I. |
8-26 |
18.10 |
6.37 |
10 |
|
Clay% |
9-62 |
29.87 |
13.90 |
15 |
|
Silt% |
33-73 |
50.73 |
13.36 |
15 |
|
Sand% |
0-41 |
18.47 |
11.70 |
15 |
|
8 |
Dense and very dense gray silty sand |
|
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